Parizvino, huwandu hwakawanda hwemapakeji ezvekudya zvezvipfuyo hahugoni kushandiswazve. Vagadziri vakuru nemapoka akaita sePet Sustainability Alliance vanoda kuchinja izvozvo.
Indasitiri yezvekudya zvemhuka, inozivikanwa nemabhegi ayo makuru, ane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonetsa kudzokorodza, yave imwe yenzvimbo dzichangoburwa dzekuongorora patsva kurongedza kwayo kunochinjika. Magadzirirwo ezvigadzirwa zvemhando imwe chete, dhizaini yakareruka uye kugona kudzokorodza zviri kuramba zvichikosheswa nemakambani.
Vatengi vanoshandisa mabhiriyoni emadhora pakudya kwezvipfuyo gore rega rega, uye United States inogadzira mapurasitiki anosvika mamiriyoni mazana matatu emapaunzi ezvekudya zvezvipfuyo nezvikafu, zvichienderana nekutsvagurudza kwakaitwa kuindasitiri iyi. Parizvino, ruzhinji rwezvinhu izvi harugone kushandiswazve. Asi sezvo zvizvarwa zvechidiki, zvinogara kwenguva refu zvichitanga kuisa mari yakawanda mukuva nemhuka, kudiwa kwekuchinja kuri kuwedzera.
"Vatengi vari kutsvaga mapakeji anogona kudzokororwa, anogona kunyungudika, kana kushandiswazve," akadaro Christine Mallier, maneja wekuchengetedza zvinhu kuPetcurean. Petcurean ikambani yekuCanada inogadzira mhando dzeGo! Solutions, Now Fresh, uye Gather. "Kwenguva yakareba, mitengo yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya."
Mabhegi echikafu chemhuka chakaoma (chinonzi kibble) akagadzirwa nechinhu chakasimba, chinoita sechisingaputsike chakafukidzwa nepepa kana purasitiki yakagadzirwa nesimbi kuchengetedza chikafu uye kudzivirira mafuta kuti asabude. Kunze kwebhegi kunowanzova nekupenya kunopenya. Nekuti mabhegi aya akagadzirwa nepepa nepurasitiki, anonetsa kuadzokorodza.
Makambani ekupakata akatanga kugadzira mabhegi achishandisa polyethylene ne ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) uye ari kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzekurerutsa dhizaini yavo.
Danho iri rinouya nekuda kwekushanda nesimba kwemakambani makuru ekudya kwemhuka akaita sePurina, Hill's, neMars, ayo akaita zvisungo zvekuchengetedza nharaunda zvinosanganisira kurongedza. Purina inoti inoda kusvika 90% yekurongedza kwayo kwepurasitiki kuNorth America "yakagadzirirwa kudzokororwazve," uye kambani iyi ine chinangwa chekusvika pa95% yekudzokororwazve panosvika gore ra2025.
Sangano risingabatsiri rePet Sustainability Alliance rakatanga chibvumirano charo chekuchengetedza nharaunda muna 2022 chekukurudzira mhando dzezvekudya zvemhuka kuti dzichinje kushandisa mapurasitiki anogona kushandiswazve, anogona kushandiswazve, uye/kana kuumbwa nevhu panosvika gore ra2025.
"Tinoona Chipikirwa cheKurongedza semukana wakanaka wekubatsira indasitiri yezvigadzirwa zvemhuka kuti ienderere mberi kune mhinduro dzinogona kushandiswazve, uye ndinofunga kuti inzvimbo ine hushamwari," akadaro Ali Boden, maneja mukuru wechirongwa chekurongedza kuPSC.
Makambani gumi nematatu asaina chibvumirano ichi, kusanganisira Earth Animal, Instinct, naPetcurean, uye chiri kutanga kuwana mukurumbira pakati pemakambani madiki ekudya zvipfuyo. Chinangwa chesangano iri ndechekukurudzira shanduko ukuwo vachibata mabhizinesi aya nekuzvidavirira uye kuvabatanidza nezvinangwa zvakafanana.
PSC inopa makambani akasaina chibvumirano mukana wekuwana makambani ekupakata akaongororwa kare akadai seAhlstrom nePrintpack, zvichivabatsira kuwana mapakiti kubva mumhinduro dzinogona kushandiswazve, dzinogona kushandiswazve uye dzinogona kunyungudika. PSC inopawo nhengo dzayo maturusi akadai sekubatsira mukugadzira marabhoritari ekudzokorodza uye mazano ekugadzira mapakiti.
Petcurean, iyo yave ichishanda nePSC kwemakore akati wandei, yakati chisungo chayo ndechekujekesa nezvekuvandudzwa kwakarongwa.
Kare, mabhegi ekambani iyi aigadzirwa nePET yakawanda, izvo zvainetsa kudzokorodza. Iye zvino agadzirwa nepolyethylene yakaderera (LDPE), purasitiki inochinjika, inodzivirira kubvaruka, uye dhizaini yavo yechinhu chimwe chete inogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kudzokorodza mune ramangwana.
"Unofanira kuita tsvakiridzo yako kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kurongedza kwacho kunoramba kuri kutsva uye kwenguva yakareba sekwekupedzisira," akadaro Mallier, achitaura kuti LDPE inogona kupa izvozvo, asi zvinotora nguva kuti mabrandi achinje zvizere kuenda kune mamwe kurongedza.
Kushandiswa kweEVOH, iyo inochinjika thermoplastic copolymer, kuri kuwedzerawo kufarira munharaunda iyi. EVOH inowanzo kukonzera matambudziko ekugadzirisa zvinhu, asi mamwe makambani anotaura kuti anowana mhinduro.
Roastar inoti yakagadzira mapakeji ezvekudya zvemhuka ane chivharo chakajeka chinodzivisa chikafu kunamira mubhegi uye chinogona kushandisa EVOH inogona kushandiswazve. Mutengesi wemichina nemidziyo yekurongedza Windmöller & Hölscher akatiwo inogadzira mabhegi ezvekudya zvemhuka anogona kushandiswazve ane chivharo cheEVOH chakaburitswa pamwe chete.
Maitiro aya anokanganisawo saizi yemabhegi. Kunyange hazvo indasitiri iyi ichizivikanwa nemabhegi makuru epellet anorema mapaundi gumi kusvika makumi maviri, magadzirirwo matsva mazhinji anorema pakati pemapaundi maviri nehafu kusvika mashanu.
Troy Snader, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri mukuru wekuvandudzwa kwemapakeji echipiri kuProMach, akatsanangura kuti shanduko iyi yakaitwa nekuti dhizaini itsva inogona kunge isingashande seyakagadzirwa kare ine machira akawanda pakuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvakaoma zvichioma nekuda kwehunhu hwazvo.
"Kuchine zvimwe zvirambidzo nemiganhu muindasitiri yekurongedza mhando dzezvigadzirwa zvinogona kupakishwa, asi zvinhu zviri kuramba zvichichinja," akadaro Mallier.
Kuchinjana pakati pekugadzira mabhegi akawanda nemadiki nekuderedza marara kunoonekwa sekukosha kuti pave nemamwe mabhenefiti anogona kuenderera mberi kubva muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kutamira kune PE yakawanda neEVOH kunodawo kutariswa kwezvinhu zvinogadzira.
ProMach yakawedzera zvinhu zvitsva, zvakaita sema "nip rollers", kuti ishandise zvinhu zvitsva izvi. Mutengo wekuvhara chikafu chemhuka chepolyethylene unogonawo kuva wakakwira nekuti chine tembiricha shoma kupfuura zvimwe zvinhu.
"Dambudziko raive rekushandisa tekinoroji itsva yekudziyisa pane kungodziisa hurefu hwese hwetsvimbo sezvaimboitwa kare," akadaro Snead.
Kunyange hazvo indasitiri iyi iri kufambira mberi nenzira iyi, hapana musika wakajeka wemabhegi epurasitiki ezvekudya zvezvipfuyo pamwe chete nehama dzawo "dzinogara kwenguva refu". Mapakeji ezvekudya zvezvipfuyo zvemhando ipi zvayo anogona kusvibiswa nyore nyore netsvina yechikafu, zvichireva kuti kugona kudzokorodza kwacho kwakashata mune dzakawanda nzira.
Mhinduro zhinji itsva dzekurongedza chikafu chezvipfuyo dzinongowanikwa chete muzvirongwa zvekudzosera chikafu muchitoro. Mamwe marudzi, akadai sePetcurean neEarthborn Holistic, akabatana neHow2Recycle kuti ashandise mazita ekudzosera chikafu muchitoro emabhegi eHDPE neLDPE.
Mapurogiramu ekudzokorodza zvinhu ave achiongororwa zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, uye musika wezvinhu izvi ungangowedzera sezvo nzvimbo dzakawanda dzemakemikari kana dzemazuva ano dzekudzokorodza zvinhu dzichiuya online. Berry Global ichangobva kugamuchira mukurumbira wekugadzira mabhegi ezvipfuyo anochinjika eHill's achishandisa zvinhu zvinobva mumaitiro aya, zvichiratidza kuti maitiro aya anogona kukanganisa sei musika wezvipfuyo.
Zvichakadaro, kunyange hazvo pasina musika wakajeka wezvikafu izvi zvakawanda, mapoka ekuchinjana chikafu chezvipfuyo anoti zvakakosha kutanga kuzivisa vanhu izvozvi.
"Zvakaoma kuti vanhu varege kurasa marara," akadaro Malil. "Kubva pamaonero evatengi, vanogona kutsigira makambani ari kutora matanho aya uye ari vatungamiriri."
"Kunyange zvazvo zvinhu izvi zvichigona kushandiswazve, nzvimbo zhinji dzekudzokorodza zvinhu dzinoshandiswa kamwe chete hadzina zvivakwa zvekuzvigadzirisa, kana kuti hapana kuunganidzwa kwepurasitiki parutivi pemugwagwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mapurasitiki akawanda anochinjika anozopedzisira aiswa mumarara," kambani yakadaro, ichiwedzera kuti "tichave takagadzirira kana zvivakwa zvavepo."
Kuwedzera kwemitemo nedzvinyiriro yeruzhinji pamapurasitiki anoshandiswa kamwe chete kuri kugadzira mukana wemusika wezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nefiber. Makambani akaita sePulpex, Paboco, DS Smith nevamwe ari kubatsira vatengi kugadzira mabhodhoro matsva, mabhokisi nezvimwewo.
Marongerwo emitero anotarisirwa ndiwo dambudziko guru kune mamwe makambani ekurongedza nezvinhu, ayo ari kugadzirirawo hurukuro dzakakura pamusoro peEPR uye marongero ekudzoserwa mari mubhangi gore rino.
Kuwedzera kwemitemo nedzvinyiriro yeruzhinji pamapurasitiki anoshandiswa kamwe chete kuri kugadzira mukana wemusika wezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nefiber. Makambani akaita sePulpex, Paboco, DS Smith nevamwe ari kubatsira vatengi kugadzira mabhodhoro matsva, mabhokisi nezvimwewo.
Marongerwo emitero anotarisirwa ndiwo dambudziko guru kune mamwe makambani ekurongedza nezvinhu, ayo ari kugadzirirawo hurukuro dzakakura pamusoro peEPR uye marongero ekudzoserwa mari mubhangi gore rino.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-07-2025